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自上而下和自下而上相结合提高大规模生态修复规划的实用性和效率——来自社会-生态系统的启示 Article
Zhaowei Ding, Hua Zheng, Jun Wang, Patrick O´Connor, Cong Li, Xiaodong Chen, Ruonan Li, Zhiyun Ouyang
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第31卷 第12期 页码 50-58 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.008
Ecological restoration policies and their implementation are influenced by ecological and socioeconomic drivers. Top-down approach-based spatial planning, emphasizing hierarchical control within government structures, and without a comprehensive consideration of social–ecological interactions may result in implementation failure and low efficiency. Although many researchers have indicated the necessity to engage social–ecological interactions between stakeholders in effective planning processes, socioeconomic drivers of ecological restoration on a large scale are difficult to quantify because of data scarcity and knowledge limitations. Here, we established a new ecological restoration planning approach linking a social–ecological system framework to large-scale ecological restoration planning. The new spatial planning approach integrates bottom-up approaches targeting stakeholder interests and provides social considerations for stakeholder behavior analysis. Based on this approach, a meta-analysis is introduced to recognize key socioeconomic and social–ecological factors influencing large-scale ecological restoration implementation, and a stochastic model is constructed to analyze the impact of socioeconomic drivers on the behavior of authorities and participants on a large scale. We used the Yangtze River Basin-based Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program (CCFP), one of the largest payments for ecosystem service programs worldwide, to quantify the socioeconomic impacts of large-scale ecological restoration programs. Current CCFP planning without socioeconomic considerations failed to achieve large-scale program goals and showed low investment efficiency, with 19.71% of the implemented area reconverting to cropland after contract expiry. In contrast, spatial matching between planned and actual restoration increased from 61.55% to 81.86% when socioeconomic drivers were included. In addition, compared to that with the current CCFP implementation, the cost effectiveness of spatial planning with social considerations improved by 46.94%. Thus, spatial optimization planning that integrates both top-down and bottom-up approaches can result in more practical and effective ecological restoration than top-down approaches alone. Our new approach incorporates socioeconomic factors into large-scale ecological restoration planning with high practicality and efficiency.
关键词: Social-ecological system Ecological restoration Top-down approach Bottom-up approach
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1741-x
● Spartina abundance decreases over time by chemical control.
关键词: Plant invasion Biodiversity Meta-analysis Restoration Salt marshes Treatment timing
柴培宏,代嫣然,梁威,成水平,吴振斌,吴振斌
《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第6期 页码 32-35
介绍了湖滨带的定义和功能,阐述了湖滨带生态系统恢复的不同阶段及管理方法,并对国内外的研究概况和发展趋势进行了综述和展望。
Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake
ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第3期 页码 280-290 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0062-4
关键词: eutrophication GDP capacity reconstruction ecological restoration
Yang Yu,Ting Hua,Liding Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang,Paulo Pereira,
《工程(英文)》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.012
关键词: Vegetation greenness Vegetation productivity Rainfall use efficiency Sensitivity Yellow River Basin
Ecosystem health assessment of urban rivers and lakes
ZHANG Fengling, LIU Jingling, YANG Zhifeng, LI Yongli
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第2期 页码 209-217 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0007-y
关键词: unhealthy management ecological restoration Zhonghai non-point pollution
孙思琦,陈永喆,王聪,胡庆芳,吕一河
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期 页码 97-106 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.012
近年来,华北地区实施了一系列生态保护与恢复工程,植被生态状况发生了显著变化;探究区域植被恢复对水循环过程及水资源供需平衡的影响,对于完善生态恢复策略、实现区域水资源可持续利用十分重要。本文采用皮尔逊相关系数和莫兰指数,结合多源水参量数据进行综合性分析,阐释了植被和不同水参量的时空变化情况,甄别了植被保育与恢复下的水资源变化响应,进而探讨了华北地区水资源与植被恢复的权衡关系。研究结果表明,华北地区的生态保护与恢复工程成效显著,植被净初级生产力的增速约为恢复工程区外的2.3 倍;植被的扩张与蒸散量表现出空间与时间上的强相关性;植被恢复引起的蒸散量提高是引起水储量赤字或显著降低的主要原因。为此建议,华北地区可完善生态恢复策略,在植被保育与恢复过程中考虑水资源的限制作用;以自然恢复方式为主,促进生态恢复的可持续性、水资源的可利用性。
干珠扎布,胡国铮,高清竹,江村旺扎,旦久罗布,参木友,巴桑旺堆,杨富裕,魏学红,杨永平
《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第5期 页码 93-98 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.013
藏北高原是我国重要的生态安全屏障和高原特色畜牧业基地,而高寒草地退化严重制约着其生态和生产功能,给生态保护和畜牧业发展带来了挑战。本文在深入分析藏北高原生态治理与畜牧业发展状况的基础上,探讨了藏北高寒草地生态与生产功能的主要影响因素,提出了藏北高原草地生态治理与畜牧业协同发展的模式体系。研究表明,通过草地生态恢复、优化放牧管理方式、人工牧草种植、低海拔农区种草高海拔牧区养畜的“低草高牧”模式、冬季半舍饲养殖等一系列措施,能够推进高寒草地生态功能提升、促进草地畜牧业转型升级,实现“保护中发展”与“发展中保护”。相关研究将为治边稳藏、保障国家生态安全、增加牧民收入提供战略引导和科技支撑。
牟雪洁,张箫,王夏晖,王金南,饶胜,黄金,柴慧霞
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期 页码 113-121 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.012
黄河流域生态环境较为敏感且脆弱,长期以来受气候变化以及大规模、高强度的人类开发建设活动影响,流域整体性、系统性生态退化问题突出,生态安全形势不容乐观。为有效促进黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展,筑牢国家生态安全屏障,本文系统评估了近20 年黄河流域生态系统在结构、质量方面的现状及变化情况;总结了当前黄河上、中、下游存在的主要问题与不足,包括流域生态脆弱且整体性、系统性退化问题突出以及现有生态保护修复工作在体制与机制、投入力度、实施成效等方面的瓶颈制约;在此基础上提出了未来黄河流域生态保护修复策略。研究表明:近20 年来,黄河流域生态系统结构总体稳定,但部分类型变化明显,城镇显著扩张,森林、草地、湿地等有所增加,荒漠明显减少;生态系统质量整体改善,并以中游地区较为显著,但局部仍存在退化情况,尤其以下游地区较为显著。为此,本文建议,应通过系统评估生态工程实施成效、因地制宜推进生态保护修复、创新建立生态产品价值实现机制3 个方面加强黄河流域生态保护修复,保障区域生态安全。
River restoration challenges with a specific view on hydromorphology
Jianhua LI, Stephan HOERBINGER, Clemens WEISSTEINER, Lingmin PENG, Hans Peter RAUCH
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 页码 1033-1038 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0665-9
Zongwu XIE1 , Xiaoyu ZHAO1 , Zainan JIANG1 , Haitao YANG2 , Chongyang LI1
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0658-y
关键词: free-floating space robot dual arm coordinated operation base attitude restoration bidirectional approach
黄土高原生态重建的水沙效应研究 Article
孙彭成, 吴一平, 杨志峰, Bellie Sivakumar, 邱临静, 刘曙光, 蔡宴朋
《工程(英文)》 2019年 第5卷 第5期 页码 855-864 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.014
黄土高原是全球土壤侵蚀最为严重的区域之一,也是黄河泥沙的主要来源。自20世纪50年代大规模水土保持措施实施以来,该地区入黄泥沙量持续减少,流域内泥沙来源与输移机制变得更为复杂,对水土保持措施作用下的河流输沙及变异特征的研究一直是学界关注的重点。本文以水土保持治理成效最为显著的黄土丘陵沟壑区的典型区域为研究对象,采用近50年的水沙观测数据,分析水土保持作用下流域水沙关系演变。结果表明,水土保持措施的实施引发流域水沙关系的显著变化,具体表现为幂指数水沙关系中系数的减小和指数的增加,且前阶段指数增加缓慢而后期增加剧烈。幂指数的增加表征新的更加陡峭的水沙关系曲线,意味着流域年际输沙变异程度或将增强。此外,新旧水沙关系曲线存在一个临界交点,在新的水沙关系条件下,低于临界流量的径流将输移更少的泥沙,这也是该地区泥沙输移新的主导状态;然而,大于临界流量的极端径流也有可能引发更强的泥沙输移。因此,本文认为黄土高原的低泥沙输移未必是一种新常态,极端洪水条件下仍有强输沙的可能性而需增强防范。
Jinzhong LI, Xueju LI, Shujuan SUN, Xuegong LIU, Suiliang HUANG
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第4期 页码 573-584 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0363-x
关键词: modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed water purification eco-restoration techniques aquatic plants eutrophication
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 559-567 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020344
Intensifying human activity in the Yangtze River basin has substantially increased nutrient concentrations in the Yangtze River Estuary, leading to degradation of the coastal environment. Analysis of nutrient determinations published over the past 50 years reveals a gradual decreasing trend in the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved silicate (DSi). However, both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) concentrations have increased significantly since the 1970s. The frequency of and area covered by red tide outbreaks have increased greatly during this period, mainly due to changes in nutrient supply ratios [i.e., N/P (DIN/DIP), N/Si (DIN/DSi), P/Si (DIP/DSi)]. A strong correlation was found between the riverine DIN fluxes and the estimated DIN inputs from the major N sources, particularly fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. The data provide a comprehensive assessment of nutrients in the Yangtze River basin and their ecological impacts and indicate a potentially significant influence of atmospheric deposition on DIN loadings and fluxes.
关键词: atmospheric deposition / ecological impacts / nitrogen sources / nutrients / Yangtze delta
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
自上而下和自下而上相结合提高大规模生态修复规划的实用性和效率——来自社会-生态系统的启示
Zhaowei Ding, Hua Zheng, Jun Wang, Patrick O´Connor, Cong Li, Xiaodong Chen, Ruonan Li, Zhiyun Ouyang
期刊论文
A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for species
期刊论文
Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake
ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai
期刊论文
Divergent Changes in Vegetation Greenness, Productivity, and Rainfall Use Efficiency Are Characteristic of EcologicalRestoration Towards High-Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin, China
Yang Yu,Ting Hua,Liding Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang,Paulo Pereira,
期刊论文
Ecosystem health assessment of urban rivers and lakes
ZHANG Fengling, LIU Jingling, YANG Zhifeng, LI Yongli
期刊论文
River restoration challenges with a specific view on hydromorphology
Jianhua LI, Stephan HOERBINGER, Clemens WEISSTEINER, Lingmin PENG, Hans Peter RAUCH
期刊论文
Trajectory planning and base attitude restoration of dual-arm free-floating space robot by enhanced bidirectional
Zongwu XIE1 , Xiaoyu ZHAO1 , Zainan JIANG1 , Haitao YANG2 , Chongyang LI1
期刊论文
Restoration of hyper-eutrophic water with a modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant
Jinzhong LI, Xueju LI, Shujuan SUN, Xuegong LIU, Suiliang HUANG
期刊论文